Diversity transmission is the process of using two or more signals to carry the same information source between a transmitter and a receiver. Diversity transmission can use the physical separation of antenna elements (spatial diversity), the use of multiple wavelengths (frequency diversity) and the shifting of time (time diversity).
Protocols on the WiMAX system are designed to take advantage of diversity transmission options and to allow for the use of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna systems. MIMO is the combining or use of two or more radio or telecom transport channels for a communication channel through the user of multiple antenna elements. The use of MIMO to combine alternate transport links provides for higher data transmission rates (inverse multiplexing) and increased reliability (interference control).
Transmission Diversity
Transmission diversity is the process of sending two or more signals from the same information source so a receiver can select or combine the signals to produce a received signal of better quality than a single transmitted signal.
Receive Diversity
Receive diversity is used to select or combine a received signal to yield a stronger signal quality level. Receive diversity uses two antennas that are physically separated vertically or horizontally.
Receiver diversity can compensate for radio signal fading that may occur on a single antenna, and may be performed by maximum ratio combining (MRC) or selection diversity. Maximal ratio combining is the process of combining the signals from two or more antenna elements to increase the level and quality of a received signal. Selection diversity is the process of selecting one antenna from a set of receiving antennas to increase the level or quality of a received signal.
Frequency Diversity
Frequency diversity is the process of receiving a radio signal or components of a radio signal on multiple channels (different frequencies) or over a wide radio channel (wide frequency band) to reduce the effects of radio signal distortions (such as signal fading) that occur on one frequency component but do not occur (or are not as severe) on another frequency component.
Temporal (Time) Diversity
Time diversity is the process of sending the same signal or components of a signal through a communication channel where the same signal is transmitted or received at different times. The reception of two or more of the same signal with time diversity may be used to compare, recover, or add to the overall quality of the received signal.
Spatial Diversity
Spatial diversity is a method of transmission or reception employed to minimize the effects of fading by the simultaneous use of two or more antennas spaced a number of wavelengths apart.
Antenna diversity is a form of spatial diversity that improves the reception of a radio signal by using the signals from two (or more) antennas to minimize the effects of radio signal fading or distortion. Antenna diversity typically requires the antennas to be spaced a number of wavelengths apart.
Space time coding is the adding of time information to transmission carriers to allow diversity operation by identifying and processing multiple carriers of the same signal that may arrive at different times and or from different locations.
Figure 1 shows different types of diversity transmission and reception. The antenna (spatial) diversity utilizes the distance between antennas to improve signal performance. Frequency (spectral) diversity transmits the same or related information on multiple frequency signals to reduce frequency selective fading. Time (temporal) diversity overcomes the challenges of burst distortion by allowing the same information signal to be received at different times.
No comments:
Post a Comment